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Salpingitis is an infection of the Fallopian tubes.
The uterine or Fallopian tubes are two channels (right and left) that extend from the uterus cavity towards its corresponding ovary (on the same side). The association of Fallopian tube and ovary is what is termed the adnexae. The role of these structures in the transport and delivery of spermatozoa from the uterine cavity to the outer third of the Fallopian tube where the free ovum (ovule or egg) is waiting to be fertilized. These structures are then critical in the transport of the fertilized (or unfertilized egg) towards the uterine cavity where the fetus is eventually implanted. The bottom line is that these tubes play a critical role in the reproduction system. The average Fallopian tube measures on average 10 to 12 cm.
Salpingitis, that can at times, pass unnoticed and avoid diagnosis and treatment is one of the principle causes of preventable infertility or sterility.
An infection of the tubes is usually caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI): chlamydia and gonorrhea are the microbes most frequently implicated in the occurrence of salpingitis. The majority of these infections are transmitted via unprotected sexual relations. It is estimated that 70 to 80 % of clinical cases of infertility are of tubular origin and attributable to chlamydia.